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中国沙漠 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (5): 325-334.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2026.00007

• • 上一篇    

光伏电站对戈壁土壤细菌群落多样性及功能的影响

曹毅博1(), 霍应聪2, 何昱璇3, 张金豫2, 李青3, 马瑞1(), 肖建华4, 东双娟1   

  1. 1.甘肃农业大学 林学院,甘肃 兰州 730070
    2.华电甘肃能源有限公司,甘肃 兰州 730300
    3.中国电建集团北京勘测设计研究院有限公司,北京 100024
    4.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,甘肃 兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2025-11-27 修回日期:2026-01-21 出版日期:2026-09-20 发布日期:2026-11-02
  • 通讯作者: 马瑞
  • 作者简介:曹毅博(2001—),男,甘肃武威人,硕士研究生,主要从事荒漠生态研究。E-mail: 838136874@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    中国华电有限公司重点科技项目(CHDKJ23-04-01-61)

Effects of photovoltaic power stations on the diversity and function of soil bacterial communities in the gobi desert

Yibo Cao1(), Yingcong Huo2, Yuxuan He3, Jinyu Zhang2, Qing Li3, Rui Ma1(), Jianhua Xiao4, Shuangjuan Dong1   

  1. 1.College of Forestry,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China
    2.CHD Gansu Energy Co. ,Ltd,Lanzhou 730300,China
    3.PowerChina Beijing Engineering Corporation Limited,Beijing 100024,China
    4.Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
  • Received:2025-11-27 Revised:2026-01-21 Online:2026-09-20 Published:2026-11-02
  • Contact: Rui Ma

摘要:

为探究光伏电站对戈壁土壤细菌群落多样性及功能的影响,以甘肃省民乐县三墩滩百万千瓦光伏发电基地为对象,在光伏阵列中心区选取无扰动光伏板,采集板檐(FP)、板下(UP)、板间(IP)0~20 cm土样,并以电站外围土壤为对照(CK),系统分析土壤理化性质、细菌群落结构及功能特征。结果表明:所采土样共检测到细菌35门、107纲、240目、358科、541属,群落中优势菌门为放线菌门、变形菌门、酸杆菌门、绿弯菌门、芽单胞菌门和拟杆菌门,占总细菌相对丰度的80.95%以上。主坐标分析(PCoA)显示FP、UP、IP处细菌群落结构与CK存在显著差异,FP处细菌丰富度(Chao1指数)和多样性(Shannon指数)最高,UP和IP处则显著低于CK(P>0.05)。Mantel检验揭示,土壤电导率、有机碳、全氮和容重是影响戈壁土壤细菌群落结构的关键环境因子。功能预测表明,土壤细菌以新陈代谢功能为主导,在17个二级功能中,FP处在脂质代谢和外源生物降解方面功能较强,UP处在辅因子与维生素代谢及蛋白质合成方面表现突出。综上,光伏电站通过改变局地土壤理化性质,显著影响戈壁土壤细菌群落结构、多样性及功能潜力,研究结果可为戈壁土壤生态修复提供理论依据。

关键词: 戈壁, 光伏电站, 土壤细菌, 土壤理化性质

Abstract:

To elucidate the impact of photovoltaic power plants on the structure and function of soil bacterial communities in the gobi desert. This study was conducted at the Sanduntan Million-Kilowatt Photovoltaic Power Base in Minle County, Gansu Province. Undisturbed panels from the central area of the photovoltaic array were selected. Soil samples (0-20 cm depth) were collected from different locations: front eave of photovoltaic panel (FP), underneath photovoltaic panel (UP), interval between photovoltaic panels (IP). Soils from OTUside the power station were used as controls (CK). A systematic analysis was then performed on soil physicochemical properties, bacterial community structure, and functional characteristics. The results indicated that a total of 35 bacterial phyla, 107 classes, 240 orders, 358 families, and 541 genera were detected in soil samples collected from both inside and OTUside the power station in the study area. The dominant phyla in the bacterial community were Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi, Gemmatimonadota, and Bacteroidota, which collectively accounted for over 80.95% of the total bacterial relative abundance. The bacterial community structures at FP, UP, and IP were distinct from that of CK, as indicated by Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA). Furthermore, the highest bacterial richness and diversity (assessed by Chao1 and Shannon indices, respectively) were found at FP, with UP and IP showing values significantly lower (P<0.05) than the control. Mantel tests revealed that soil electrical conductivity, organic carbon, total nitrogen, and bulk density were key environmental factors influencing the bacterial community structure in the gobi desert. Functional prediction indicates that soil bacteria are predominantly characterized by metabolic functions. Among the 17 secondary functions, FP demonstrates stronger capabilities in lipid metabolism and xenobiotic biodegradation, while UP shows prominent performance in cofactor and vitamin metabolism as well as protein synthesis. Through their modification of local soil properties, photovoltaic power stations exert a significant influence on the structure, diversity, and functional potential of bacterial communities in gobi desert soils. These results offer a theoretical basis for informing future ecological restoration strategies in this region.

Key words: gobi desert, photovoltaic power station, soil bacteria, soil physicochemical properties

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